Journal article
Teleconnection stationarity, variability and trends of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) during the last millennium
Christoph Datwyler, Raphael Neukom, Nerilie J Abram, Ailie JE Gallant, Martin Grosjean, Martin Jacques-Coper, David J Karoly, Ricardo Villalba
Climate Dynamics | Springer Nature | Published : 2018
Abstract
The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the leading mode of atmospheric interannual variability in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extra-tropics. Here, we assess the stationarity of SAM spatial correlations with instrumental and paleoclimate proxy data for the past millennium. The instrumental period shows that temporal non-stationarities in SAM teleconnections are not consistent across the SH land areas. This suggests that the influence of the SAM index is modulated by regional effects. However, within key-regions with good proxy data coverage (South America, Tasmania, New Zealand), teleconnections are mostly stationary over the instrumental period. Using different stationarity criteria for proxy r..
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Grants
Awarded by Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) Ambizione grant
Awarded by Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science
Awarded by CONICYT-Chile
Funding Acknowledgements
This is a contribution to the Past Global Changes (PAGES) 2k Network. Researchers from the PAGES2k consortium are acknowledged for providing access to data and metadata information. We thank Michael N. Evans for discussions. This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) Ambizione grant PZ00P2_154802. DJK receives funding through the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (CE110001028). MJC acknowledges CONICYT-Chile through grants PAI79160105 and FONDAP15110009. RN, MG, and CD designed the study; CD and RN led the writing and conducted the data analysis. All authors jointly discussed and contributed to the writing.